Geoffrey K. Pullum: Australian radio talks
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"Preposition hunting in the Brisbane suburbs."
Lingua Franca, ABC Radio National; broadcast on
Saturday, October 3, and Tuesday, October 6, 1998.
(This talk is about why the Australian abbreviation for
pickup truck is ute; the sexual promiscuity of the
female scrub turkey; and the surprising discovery I made
from an informational sign in a beautiful Brisbane
arboretum that the word bush has become an intransitive
directional preposition in Australian English, just as the
word home has in every dialect of English. This tiny
but to me delightful discovery did make it into
The Cambridge Grammar of the English Language;
it's on page 615.)
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"Giving up on double negation."
Lingua Franca, ABC Radio National; broadcast on
Saturday, October 10, and Tuesday, October 13, 1998.
(Proposes the abandonment of the term "double negation" on the not
unreasonable grounds that no one can agree about what it is meant to
refer to. Or what it is not meant not to refer to; perhaps that isn't
entirely not a worse way to put it. Anyway, this is the talk that
calls George Orwell a fool and quotes from the movie Sliding
Doors. The quote was inaccurate, by the way. I had gotten the
gist of what was interesting about it, but I had been forced to recall
the line from memory after seeing the film in the dark in an Australian
cinema. But by the time this talk was broadcast, the movie had come
out on video, and my collaborator Rodney Huddleston went out and rented
it and sat through it with a pencil and paper nearby so that he could
transcribe the relevant bit. As a result, the chapter on negation in
The Cambridge Grammar of the English Language
quotes the piece of dialog correctly: see footnote 8 on page 805.)
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"Why
Ebonics is no joke."
Lingua Franca, ABC Radio National; broadcast on
Saturday, October 17, and Tuesday, October 20, 1998.
(Reviews the assault on the hapless Oakland Unified School District
board after it had the temerity to propose that the native language
of many of its students might be accorded the ordinary courtesy of being
acknowledged to exist. There is a brief discussion of this topic in
The Cambridge Grammar of the English Language:
see pages 846-847.
I discussed the topic more fully in my Nature commentary
"Language that dare not speak its name" in 1997
(see
),
and at greater length in
"African American Vernacular English is not Standard English with
mistakes" in 1999 (see
).
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"The nature
of prepositions." Lingua Franca, ABC Radio National; broadcast on
Saturday, December 12, and Tuesday, December 15, 1998.
(Presents the syntactic arguments Emonds and Jackendoff have given
that refute the people who wrote in after hearing
"Preposition
hunting in the Brisbane suburbs" and said "Oh, that's not a
preposition, that's an adverb." Good point. All traditional grammars say
that prepositions are only prepositions when they are followed by a noun
phrase. When there is no following noun phrase these words are claimed to
enter a parallel universe where they mysteriously live alternate lives as
adverbs. But all those traditional accounts are wrong. The full
story is told in
The Cambridge Grammar of the English Language, Chapter 7.)
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"Grammar
has dialects, spelling does not."
Lingua Franca, ABC Radio National; broadcast on
Saturday, July 24, and Tuesday, July 27, 1999.
(Tells where you could once see a sign saying "Boomarang Road",
and proposes that while you are not a bad person for speaking
a non-standard dialect, since dialect difference is a natural
feature of large speech communities, you are a bad person
if you take a job as a signwriter without having any interest in
learning to spell, and you should shape up: linguists'
tolerance for diversity does not extend to waiving the strict
rules of spelling. People hate being told this; and they have
a right to complain about the horrible spelling system of English.
But facts are facts: you should not be expected to change the
syntax of your native dialect of English, but learning your spellings
is something every educated person has to do.)
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"Why
you can't unhear this talk."
Lingua Franca, ABC Radio National; broadcast on
Saturday, September 11, and Tuesday, September 14, 1999.
(Recalls Benjamin Lee Whorf's beautiful observation about the verbs
that take the reversing un- prefix of untangle and uncover,
and explains why Diane Warren, who wrote "Unbreak my heart" for
singer Toni Braxton, was using poetic license, while the writers of
Ray Charles' "Unchain my heart" were not.)
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"
Anyone who had a heart (would know their own language)."
Lingua Franca, ABC Radio National; broadcast on
Saturday, April 6, 2002 and Tuesday, April 9, 2002.
(Discusses the strange antipathy of grammar purists to the use
of they with singular antecedent, as in
No one should have to climb all those stairs that age, should they?,
or Everybody seems to just assume the sign doesn't apply to them.
This construction is found in the finest literature over several hundred
years, and is grammatically justifiable in every possible way.
Yet even songwriters seem to feel they have to avoid it:
Bacharach and David would have written
"Anyone who had a heart would take me in their arms and love me too",
so the song would really be about anyone who had a heart.
What they actually wrote is unsuitable to be sung by a male singer who
isn't gay -- or a female singer who is.)
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"Grammar
and guns: when words fail."
This talk, broadcast on December 14, 2002, is about the
language of the Second Amendment to the American Constitution.
I wrote it when Michael Moore's documentary Bowling for Columbine
had just come out, exploring the ghastly nexus between gun
ownership, deaths by shooting, and the right to bear arms.
I'm not a constitutional law scholar, of course; but I thought it
was worth laying out the linguistic case that when
closely examined, the Second Amendment yields a meaning and intent
rather different from what the NRA claims to find in it.
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"When
languages borrow words from other languages."
Mainly about how "Taliban" came to be used as a singular noun in English,
despite being a plural in Pashto.
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"Universal
grammar."
A few remarks for a non-linguist audience, broadcast on December 28, 2002,
on what it might
be that all languages have in common.
File last revised:
Tue Sep 24 08:11:49 PDT 2002